内表面补强对缺陷病害隧道结构承载力影响的模型试验研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

何川  唐志成  汪波  汪洋  佘健 《岩土力学》2009,30(2):406-412

以重庆市在建的笔架山隧道为现场原型,采用几何比为1: 25的大比例室内模型试验,选取Ⅲ级类围岩拱顶空洞60?的缺陷隧道为研究对象,重点研究在相同围岩级别、缺陷形式及加载方式下结构产生病害后,采用不同的内表面补强材料刚度并考虑补强范围对结构最终承载力的影响,得出了相应补强形式条件下结构最终破坏时的形式、内力分布等状况,并通过对比不同补强方式时的结构破坏及受力状况得出合理的结论,以期对隧道的维护管理提供重要的参考依据。  相似文献   

圆形支护结构的拱效应等效支撑计算方法   总被引：13，自引：2，他引：11  

周健  罗筱波 《岩土力学》2003,24(2):169-177

从弹性力学中圆筒受均布荷载的解出发,把圆形支护结构作为弹性地基梁,把圆形支护结构的拱效应作为支护结构的等效支撑作用在弹性地基梁上,从而得出了一个计算圆形支护结构内力和位移的拱效应等效支撑方法。工程实例的计算表明,该方法是实用而有效的。  相似文献   

横向钢梁空间约束作用对钢框架-混凝土核心筒结构弹塑性地震反应的影响     

杜修力  高艳春  杨淑玲 《地震工程与工程振动》2008,28(4)

本文基于文献[5]建立的钢框架-混凝土核心筒混合结构弹塑性地震反应的拟三维分析模型,进一步考虑钢框架和核心筒之间横向梁的空间扭转作用,讨论了横向梁空间约束作用对钢框架-混凝土核心筒混合结构弹塑性地震反应的影响。算例分析表明:进一步考虑横向梁的空间扭转作用后所得的楼层位移和层间位移角比只考虑竖向作用所得的值偏大,可见,采用考虑横向梁空间竖向和扭转约束作用的拟三维分析方法更合理。  相似文献   

钢管自应力混凝土柱抗震性能试验研究     

尚作庆  黄承逵  常旭  徐士弢 《地震工程与工程振动》2008,28(3):77-81

本文通过对水平反复荷载作用下4根钢管自应力混凝土柱和2根普通钢管混凝土柱的抗震性能试验研究,分析了两种钢管混凝土的荷载-挠度(P-Δ)滞回曲线和骨架曲线特点,从而进一步阐述了轴压比、自应力大小和混凝土强度等因素对钢管混凝土抗震性能的影响。试验结果表明,影响柱抗震性能的最主要因素是轴压比和自应力。随着轴压比的增加,钢管自应力混凝土位移延性系数下降;而自应力的存在不仅提高了反复荷载作用下钢管混凝土的极限水平承载力,同时也使其延性系数得到显著的增加。  相似文献   

Pseudo‐dynamic tests of a full‐scale CFT/BRB frame—Part I: Specimen design,experiment and analysis     

Keh‐Chyuan Tsai  Po‐Chien Hsiao  Kung‐Juin Wang  Yuan‐Tao Weng  Min‐Lang Lin  Ker‐Chun Lin  Chui‐Hsin Chen  Jiun‐Wei Lai  Sheng‐Lin Lin 《地震工程与结构动力学》2008,37(7):1081-1098

A series of pseudo‐dynamic tests (PDTs) of a full‐scale 3‐story 3‐bay buckling‐restrained braced frame (BRBF) using concrete‐filled tube columns was tested in the Taiwan National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering using networked PDT techniques in October 2003. During the tests, real‐time experimental responses and video were webcasted to Internet viewers. The input ground motions adopted for the PDTs were chosen from the 1999 Chi‐Chi and the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquakes and scaled to represent three seismic hazard levels. This paper is in two parts, focusing on the investigations of the overall structure and the local members. This paper constitutes Part I and discusses the design, analytical investigations, and key experimental results of the specimen frame, such as the buckling of the brace‐to‐gusset joints. Part II of the paper, the companion paper, describes the gusset stiffening schemes and detailed experimental behavior of the BRBs and their connections. Experimental peak inter‐story drifts of 0.019 and 0.023 radians, prescribed for the design basis and the maximum credible earthquakes, respectively, are within the target design limits of 0.020 and 0.025 radians. These tests confirmed that the PISA3D and OpenSees nonlinear structural analysis computer programs can simulate the experimental peak shears and floor displacements well. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Tomographic inversion for three-dimensional anisotropy of Earth’s inner core   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Xinlei Sun  Xiaodong Song 《Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors》2008,167(1-2):53-70

Seismological studies generally suggest that the Earth’s inner core is anisotropic and the anisotropic structure changes significantly both laterally and with depth. Previous body-wave studies of the inner core have relied on ray tracing or waveform modeling using one-dimensional (1D) models. Here we present non-linear tomographic inversions of the inner core anisotropy using three-dimensional (3D) ray tracing, spline parameterization, and a large collection of PKP differential travel times. We adapt a pseudo-bending ray tracing (PBR) method in spherical coordinates for seismic rays that traverse the inner core (PKP(DF) phase). The method iteratively perturbs each discontinuity point and continuous segment of the ray through 3D earth structure so that its travel time is minimum. The 3D anisotropic structure of the inner core is approximated to the first order as 3D heterogeneous (but isotropic) structure for a given ray. The data are corrected using a scaled mantle tomographic model. The inner core anisotropy model obtained has the following major features. (1) The model has strong hemispherical and depth variation. The isotropic velocity in the topmost inner core is greater in quasi-eastern hemisphere (QEH) (40–160°E) than in quasi-western hemisphere (QWH) (other longitudes). The anisotropy is weak in QEH to the depth of 600–700 km below the inner core boundary (ICB), while in QWH, the anisotropy increases at much shallower depth (about 100–200 km below the ICB) to about 3–4%, then remains at about 2–4% throughout the rest of the inner core. (2) The anisotropy form changes abruptly (over a depth range of about 150 km) at the radius of about 600 km, slightly less than half of the inner core radius, forming a distinct inner inner core (IIC). The velocity in the IIC has maximums at equatorial and polar directions and minimum at an angle of about 40° from the equatorial plane. The velocity in the outer inner core (OIC), however, changes little for ray directions 0–40° from the equatorial plane. (3) Despite large variation of the anisotropy, the isotropic velocity (Voigt average) throughout the inner core is nearly uniform. The results suggest that the OIC is likely composed of the same type of iron crystals with uniform chemistry, but the IIC may be composed of a different type of crystal alignment, a different iron phase, or a different chemical composition. Our tests on model parameterization, mantle correction, and linear and non-linear inversion suggest the main features of our model are very robust. However, fine scale structures are likely to differ, particularly in the major transition zones, e.g., in the topmost QWH (isotropy to anisotropy), between OIC and IIC (change in the form of anisotropy), and between QEH and QWH in OIC (difference in anisotropy strength). Searches for possible waveform complications from these boundaries need to be aware of the directional dependence and geographical variation to be successful.  相似文献   

Recycling of Cathode Ray Tubes (CRTs) in Electronic Waste     

Sunil Herat 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2008,36(1):19-24

The management of used electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) or e‐waste is a significant problem worldwide due to rapid uptake of the technology and early obsolescence of EEE. Cathode ray tubes (CRTs) from used televisions and computer monitors represent a major e‐waste problem as they consist of glass with different compositions. The front panel is a lead‐free barium‐strontium glass whereas parts such as the funnel hidden inside are composed of glass with lead oxides. Regulations require the glass from waste CRTs to be recycled or re‐utilized. Closed‐loop recycling and open‐loop recycling are two principal ways of recycling CRT glass. The aim of this paper is to examine the technical characteristics and composition of the CRTs, its generation, environmental impacts and related regulatory requirements and to review the current technologies and their limitations for recycling CRT glass and its end use.  相似文献   

沉管CFG桩复合地基在廊坊地区地基处理中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄文龙 《化工矿产地质》2004,26(1):53-58

选用振动沉管在廊坊某综合楼地基处理工作中,针对当地地质条件,为保证桩身强度,对所用的砂、石、粉煤灰和水泥,经检测试验,确定合理的施工配合比。为满足设计要求及施工顺利开展,施工时采用了在桩管底部外环包焊钢板、进入软弱地层时减慢提升速度并适当留振将混合料的坍落速度加以控制等重要措施。经单桩载荷试验和低应变桩身完整性检测,施工达到了令人满意的效果。  相似文献   

大直径灌注筒桩单桩竖向承载机理分析     

王哲  丁洲祥  杨育人 《岩土力学》2006,27(Z1):865-868

筒桩土芯性状复杂,而筒桩承载力计算还不成熟。分别对黏性土层和砂性土层中筒桩土芯承载机理进行了比较分析,认为土芯与筒桩存在相对位移趋势,相对位移的发生是筒桩内侧摩阻力产生的原因,得到了土芯内摩阻力及土芯端部承担荷载计算公式。黏性土层中土芯承载作用较小,而砂性土层中由于土芯闭塞效应承载作用大大加强,得到了单桩竖向极限承载力的简化计算公式。最后通过工程实例验证了该公式的实用性。  相似文献   

内助剂型固硫剂在渭北高硫煤固硫中的应用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王水利  葛岭梅  杨小玲 《煤田地质与勘探》2004,32(3):12-14

定义了内助剂型固硫剂,并在此基础上对两种内助剂型固硫剂的固硫效果进行了对比研究。结果表明,内助剂型固硫剂因助剂的助固硫作用得以充分发挥,因而固硫率明显高于同类对比固硫剂,尤其是 1200℃的高温固硫率仍可达到25.7%~35.5%,是同类对比固硫剂的5~6倍。   相似文献